Understanding the different forms of cancer is essential for early detection, effective
management, and improved outcomes for patients.
Malignant tumors can invade, damage and destroy nearby tissues and spread to other parts of the body.
Benign tumors are rarely life-threatening, and they do not spread to other parts of the body. They often can be removed and usually do not grow back.
Your body is made up of billions of cells that can only be seen under a microscope. These cells are grouped together to make up the tissues and organs of our bodies. They are a bit like building blocks. Different types of body tissues are made up of different types of body cells. For example, there are bone cells in bone and breast cells in the breast.
Different types of cells in the body do different jobs. They all have a center called a nucleus. Inside the nucleus are the genes. Genes are really bits of code and control the cell. They decide when it will reproduce, what it does and even when it will die.
Normally the genes make sure that cells grow and reproduce in an orderly and controlled way. If the system goes wrong for any reason, the usual result is that the cell dies. Rarely, the system goes wrong in a way that allows a cell to keep on dividing until a lump called a ‘tumour’ is formed.
It is the ability to spread that makes a cancer harmful. If a cancer is not treated, it can spread into the organs near to where it started growing. It can also damage other parts of the body that it spreads to.
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