Living a cancer-smart lifestyle involves adopting habits that promote overall health and reduce the risk of cancer development or recurrence. This includes maintaining a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins while limiting processed foods, sugary snacks, and excessive alcohol consumption.
Smoking and using tobacco increase cancer risk significantly. Quitting smoking reduces this risk as tobacco contains over 4000 chemicals, including 60 carcinogens that spread through your body when inhaled. When you inhale cigarette smoke these chemicals enter your lungs and spread through your body.
By enjoying a healthy diet, being physically active every day and maintaining a healthy body weight, you can lower your risk of developing cancer. Healthy eating habits are a first step in reducing your cancer risk. Poor eating habits increase your risk of cancer at many sites in the body. Poor eating habits can also contribute to weight gain and being overweight or obese increases your risk of cancer. The good news is that a healthy diet, combined with regular physical activity and a healthy body weight can reduce cancer risk.
If you enjoy a wide variety of nutritious foods you will get the nutrients you need, reduce your cancer risk and are less likely to be overweight or obese. For most healthy people, vitamin and mineral supplements are not necessary when they eat well.
Avoid harmful ultraviolet (UV) rays from the sun which is the main cause of skin cancer. Protect your skin by seeking shade, wearing sunscreen, and covering up during peak sun hours to reduce your risk of skin cancer.
There is convincing evidence that drinking alcohol increases the risk of cancers of the bowel, breast, mouth, throat, voice box, oesophagus (food pipe) and liver. Even drinking small amounts of alcohol increases your cancer risk.
The more you drink, the greater the risk. If you choose to drink, limit your intake. The type of alcohol you drink doesn’t make any difference. Beer, wine and spirits all increase your risk of cancer.
It has been known for a long time that smoking is harmful to health. The combined effects of smoking and alcohol greatly increase the risk of cancer (more so than from either of these factors alone).
Up to 75 per cent of cancers of the upper airway and digestive tract can be related to alcohol plus smoking.
Being more active is one of the best things you can do for yourself. Physical inactivity is an important risk factor for bowel cancer and breast cancer, and possibly prostate, uterine and lung cancer. Physical activity regulates hormones such as insulin-like growth factor and oestrogen and affects the speed that food passes through the bowel, reducing contact with any potential carcinogens.
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